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Abstract

Graphite is a widely used fossil material valued for its versatility, thanks to its excellent thermal and electrical conductivity as well as high chemical stability. Producing graphitic carbon from biomass offers a promising alternative to fossil graphite, but the process requires extremely high temperatures-up to 3000 degrees C-leading to significant energy consumption. In this work, we report a greener and more sustainable low-temperature method (900 degrees C) for the synthesis of highly graphitized biomass carbon using pure boron as a catalyst and logging residues (LR) as a carbon source. The work focuses on the correlation between the structural transformation of the precursors into graphitic carbon and their corresponding electrochemical characteristics as electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors. The carbons were prepared in two steps, i.e., carbonization at 500 degrees C with boron, followed by activation with KOH at 900 degrees C. A control carbon, produced using the same method but without boron, was used for comparison. The physicochemical characterization results demonstrated the successful graphitization of the LR-based carbon. In addition, the carbon materials exhibited highly porous structures with specific surface areas (BET) of 2645 m2 g-1 for the boron-treated carbon (BCLR), and 3141 m2 g-1 for the control carbon (CLR). The CLR and BCLR electrodes tested in LIBs delivered specific capacities of 386 and 505 mAh g-1 at a 1 C rate at the end of 200 cycles, respectively. CLR and BCLR electrodes were also tested for supercapacitors, delivering specific capacitances of 87 and 144 F g-1 at a current rate of 1 A g-1, respectively. This work opens a gateway for a straightforward and cost-effective synthesis method for scaling up biomass-based carbon electrodes for LIBs and supercapacitors, facilitating sustainable precursors and an industrially viable approach.

Keywords

Logging residue; Koh activation; Porous graphitic carbon; Electrodes/anodes; Lithium-ion batteries; Supercapacitors

Published in

Chemical Engineering Journal Advances
2025, volume: 22, article number: 100762
Publisher: ELSEVIER

SLU Authors

UKÄ Subject classification

Energy Systems
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Other Chemical Engineering

Publication identifier

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceja.2025.100762

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/141890