A retrospective analysis of contamination and periphyton PICT patterns for the antifoulant irgarol 1051, around a small marina on the Swedish west coast

Blanck, Hans; Eriksson, Karl Martin; Grönvall, Frederick; Dahl, Björn; Guijarro, Karell Martinez; Birgersson, Göran; Kylin, Henrik

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.09.021

Abstract

irgarol is a triazine photosystem II (PSII) inhibitor that has been used in Sweden as an antifouling ingredient since the 1990s. Early microcosm studies indicated that periphyton was sensitive to irgarol at concentrations regularly found in harbours and marinas. However, field studies of irgarol effects on the Swedish west coast in 1994, using the pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) approach, failed to detect any effects of the toxicant in the field. A PICT study involves sampling of replicate communities in a gradient of contamination, and a comparison of their community tolerance levels, with an increase being an indication that sensitive species have been eliminated and replaced by more tolerant ones. Typically, short-term assays are used to quantify the community tolerance levels. Later PICT studies in the same area over a 10 year period demonstrate that irgarol tolerance levels have increased, although the contamination pattern has been stable. Our results support the hypothesis that that the PICT potential was low initially, due to a small differential sensitivity between the community members, and that a persistent selection pressure was required to favour and enrich irgarol-tolerant species or genotypes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Pollution-induced community tolerance; Gullmar fjord mouth; Photosynthesis; Photosystem II inhibitor; Microphytobenthos; Microalgae

Published in

Marine Pollution Bulletin
2009, volume: 58, number: 2, pages: 230-237
Publisher: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

SLU Authors

Birgersson, Göran
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Kylin, Henrik
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Associated SLU-program

Non-toxic environment

Global goals (SDG)

SDG3 Good health and well-being
SDG6 Clean water and sanitation
SDG14 Life below water

UKÄ Subject classification

Environmental Sciences and Nature Conservation
Fish and Aquacultural Science

Publication identifier

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.09.021

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/50013