Fidjeland, Jörgen
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Abstract
Source-separated blackwater from low-flush toilets contains plant-available nutrients and can be used as a fertilizer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact on pathogen inactivation when treating blackwater with urea and/or lime. Blackwater was spiked with Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157, Enterococcus faecalis, and Ascaris suum eggs, and treated with urea and/or lime in concentrations up to 0.1% w/w. The bottles were kept in a storage facility (manure slurry tank) for 102 days while monitoring the pathogen concentrations. The treatment time needed to meet the requirement for Salmonella and E. coli reduction could be reduced at least six-fold. The enterococci were more persistent, and only the highest treatment doses had a significantly higher inactivation than the controls. The Ascaris egg viability was only reduced by around 50%, so higher urea/lime doses and/or longer treatment times are required to fulfill the treatment requirements of 3 log(10) reductions of parasite eggs.
Keywords
ammonia; blackwater; E. coli; inactivation; Salmonella; urea
Published in
Water Science and Technology
2015, volume: 71, number: 5, pages: 795-800
Publisher: IWA PUBLISHING
SLU Authors
Svensson, Sven-Erik
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Vinnerås, Björn
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Global goals (SDG)
SDG3 Good health and well-being
SDG6 Clean water and sanitation
UKÄ Subject classification
Water Engineering
Other Environmental Engineering
Publication identifier
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.033
Permanent link to this page (URI)
https://res.slu.se/id/publ/73774