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Research article2020Peer reviewedOpen access

More sustainable European diets based on self-selection do not require exclusion of entire categories of food

Vieux, F.; Privet, L.; Soler, L. G.; Irz, X.; Ferrari, M.; Sette, S.; Raulio, S.; Tapanainen, H.; Hoffmann, R.; Surry, Y.; Pulkkinen, H.; Darmon, N.

Abstract

Sustainable diets are nutritious, culturally acceptable and have low environmental impact. The aim of this study was to identify sustainable diets among actual self-selected diets based on five national dietary surveys (Finland, France, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom), without ex ante assumptions concerning the food content of diets. Using nutrient intakes and dietary greenhouse gas emissions as active variables, energy-adjusted multiple factor analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering were applied to identify clusters of diets. The cluster with the lowest dietary GHGE had the lowest nutritional quality. Another cluster displayed a good compromise between nutritional quality and dietary GHGE (21% lower than the average of observed diets) and was therefore considered as more sustainable than the other clusters. Compared to the rest of the sample, diets in the more sustainable cluster were characterized by a larger quantity of plant-based products and lower quantities of meats, soft drinks and alcoholic beverages. The average diet in this cluster contained approximately 1000 g per day (g/d) of plant-based products ( including 400 g/d of fruit and vegetables, 100 g/d of juices and 500 g/d of other plants) and 400 g/d of animal-based products (including 100 g/d of meat/fish/eggs of which livestock meat represented 20 g/d, 50 g/d of animal-based composite dishes, 30 g/d of cheese and 220 g/d of other dairy products). We concluded that exclusion of entire food categories (e.g., meat) is not necessary to improve the sustainability of European diets. (c) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Keywords

Nutrition; Greenhouse gas emissions; Multicriteria analysis; Meat; Environment; Flexitarian

Published in

Journal of Cleaner Production
2020, Volume: 248, article number: 119298
Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD

      SLU Authors

      • Sustainable Development Goals

      End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

      UKÄ Subject classification

      Nutrition and Dietetics
      Environmental Sciences related to Agriculture and Land-use

      Publication identifier

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119298

      Permanent link to this page (URI)

      https://res.slu.se/id/publ/104011