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Research article2020Peer reviewedOpen access

Patterns of genetic diversification in the invasive hybrid plant pathogen Phytophthora x alni and its parental species P. uniformis

Mizeriene, Goda; Cerny, Karel; Zyka, Vladimir; Bakonyi, Jozsef; Nagy, Zoltan Arpad; Oliva, Jonas; Redondo, Miguel Angel; Corcobado, Tamara; Martin-Garcia, Jorge; Prospero, Simone

Abstract

In pathogenic fungi and oomycetes, interspecific hybridization may lead to the formation of new species having a greater impact on natural ecosystems than the parental species. From the early 1990s, a severe alder (Alnus spp.) decline due to an unknown Phytophthora species was observed in several European countries. Genetic analyses revealed that the disease was caused by the triploid hybrid P. x alni, which originated in Europe from the hybridization of P. uniformis and P. x multiformis. Here, we investigated the population structure of P. x alni (158 isolates) and P. uniformis (85 isolates) in several European countries using microsatellite markers. Our analyses confirmed the genetic structure previously observed in other European populations, with P. uniformis populations consisting of at most two multilocus genotypes (MLGs) and P. x alni populations dominated by MLG Pxa-1. The genetic structure of P. x alni populations in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Sweden seemed to reflect the physical isolation of river systems. Most rare P. x alni MLGs showed a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at one or a few microsatellite loci compared with other MLGs. This LOH may allow a stabilization within the P. x alni genome or a rapid adaptation to stress situations. Alternatively, alleles may be lost because of random genetic drift in small, isolated populations, with no effect on fitness of P. x alni. Additional studies would be necessary to confirm these patterns of population diversification and to better understand the factors driving it.

Keywords

biological invasion; ecology and epidemiology; genome alterations; subgenome; population biology; population diversity; simple sequence repeats

Published in

Phytopathology
2020, Volume: 110, number: 12, pages: 1959-1969

    Sustainable Development Goals

    Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

    UKÄ Subject classification

    Ecology

    Publication identifier

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-19-0475-R

    Permanent link to this page (URI)

    https://res.slu.se/id/publ/106794