Research article - Peer-reviewed, 2020
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Parasitoids indicate major climate-induced shifts in arctic communities
Kankaanpaa, Tuomas; Vesterinen, Eero; Hardwick, Bess; Schmidt, Niels M.; Andersson, Tommi; Aspholm, Paul E.; Barrio, Isabel C.; Beckers, Niklas; Bety, Joel; Birkemoe, Tone; DeSiervo, Melissa; Drotos, Katherine H., I; Ehrich, Dorothee; Gilg, Olivier; Gilg, Vladimir; Hein, Nils; Hoye, Toke T.; Jakobsen, Kristian M.; Jodouin, Camille; Jorna, Jesse;Show more authors
Abstract
Climatic impacts are especially pronounced in the Arctic, which as a region is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe. Here, we investigate how mean climatic conditions and rates of climatic change impact parasitoid insect communities in 16 localities across the Arctic. We focus on parasitoids in a widespread habitat,Dryasheathlands, and describe parasitoid community composition in terms of larval host use (i.e., parasitoid use of herbivorous Lepidoptera vs. pollinating Diptera) and functional groups differing in their closeness of host associations (koinobionts vs. idiobionts). Of the latter, we expect idiobionts-as being less fine-tuned to host development-to be generally less tolerant to cold temperatures, since they are confined to attacking hosts pupating and overwintering in relatively exposed locations. To further test our findings, we assess whether similar climatic variables are associated with host abundances in a 22 year time series from Northeast Greenland. We find sites which have experienced a temperature rise in summer while retaining cold winters to be dominated by parasitoids of Lepidoptera, with the reverse being true for the parasitoids of Diptera. The rate of summer temperature rise is further associated with higher levels of herbivory, suggesting higher availability of lepidopteran hosts and changes in ecosystem functioning. We also detect a matching signal over time, as higher summer temperatures, coupled with cold early winter soils, are related to high herbivory by lepidopteran larvae, and to declines in the abundance of dipteran pollinators. Collectively, our results suggest that in parts of the warming Arctic,Dryasis being simultaneously exposed to increased herbivory and reduced pollination. Our findings point to potential drastic and rapid consequences of climate change on multitrophic-level community structure and on ecosystem functioning and highlight the value of collaborative, systematic sampling effort.Keywords
Arctic; climate change; DNA barcoding; Dryas; food webs; functional traits; host-parasitoid interactions; insect herbivory; pollinatorsPublished in
Global Change Biology2020, volume: 26, number: 11, pages: 6276-6295
Publisher: WILEY
Authors' information
Kankaanpaa, Tuomas
University of Helsinki
Vesterinen, Eero
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology
Vesterinen, Eero
University of Turku
Vesterinen, Eero
University of Helsinki
Hardwick, Bess
University of Helsinki
Schmidt, Niels M.
Aarhus University
Andersson, Tommi
University of Turku
Aspholm, Paul E.
Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO)
Barrio, Isabel C.
University of Iceland
Beckers, Niklas
University of Bonn
Bety, Joel
University of Quebec
Birkemoe, Tone
Norwegian University of Life Sciences
DeSiervo, Melissa
Dartmouth College
Drotos, Katherine H.
University of Guelph
Ehrich, Dorothee
UiT The Arctic University of Tromso
Gilg, Olivier
University of Franche-Comté
Gilg, Vladimir
Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique (GREA)
Hein, Nils
University of Bonn
Hoye, Toke T.
Aarhus University
Jakobsen, Kristian M.
Aarhus University
Associated SLU-program
SLU Network Plant Protection
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG15 Life on land
UKÄ Subject classification
Ecology
Publication Identifiers
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15297
URI (permanent link to this page)
https://res.slu.se/id/publ/107865