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Research article2021Peer reviewedOpen access

Payments by modelled results: A novel design for agri-environmental schemes

Bartkowski, Bartosz; Droste, Nils; Liess, Mareike; Sidemo-Holm, William; Weller, Ulrich; Brady, Mark, V

Abstract

From a theoretical point of view, result-based agri-environmental payments are clearly preferable to action-based payments. However, they suffer from two major practical disadvantages: costs of measuring the results and payment uncertainty for the participating farmers. In this paper, we propose an alternative design to overcome these two disadvantages by means of modelling (instead of measuring) the results. We describe the concept of agri-environmental payments by modelled results (PAMR), including a hypothetical example of payments for the protection and enhancement of soil functions. We offer a comprehensive discussion of the relative advantages and disadvantages of PAMR, showing that it not only unites most of the different advantages of result-based and action-based schemes, but also adds two new advantages: the potential to address trade-offs among multiple policy objectives and management for long-term environmental effects. We argue that PAMR would be a valuable addition to the agri-environmental policy toolbox in the EU and beyond, while also reflecting recent advancements in agri-environmental modelling.

Keywords

Agriculture; Agri-environmental and climate measures; Environmental modelling; Governance; Incentives; Outcome; Payment-by-results; Payment-by Performance; Policy implementation

Published in

Land Use Policy
2021, Volume: 102Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD

    Sustainable Development Goals

    SDG16 Peace, justice and strong institutions

    UKÄ Subject classification

    Agricultural Science

    Publication identifier

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105230

    Permanent link to this page (URI)

    https://res.slu.se/id/publ/111523