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Research article - Peer-reviewed, 2021

A new cryptic Trypophloeus Fairmaire, 1864 species in Northern Fennoscandia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) revealed by DNA analyses

Kvamme, Torstein; Mandelshtam, Michail Y.; Salnitska, Maria; Ojeda, Dario I.; Lindelöw, Åke

Abstract

Specimens of the genus Trypophloeus Fairmaire, 1864 collected in Fennoscandia from Salix
myrsinifolia Salisb. and S. glauca L. were studied both morphologically as well as with phylogenetic
analyses based on DNA sequences of the COI and 28S rDNA. Based on the results a new species
is described and named Trypophloeus borealis sp. n. Scandinavian specimens of this new species
were previously misidentified as Trypophloeus dejevi Stark, 1936. The phylogenetic and sequence
divergence analyses based on these gene regions show that Trypophloeus nitidus Swaine, 1912, in
North America is the closest related species. Information on the biology and known distribution is
included. The new species is a member of the Trypophloeus alni (Lindemann, 1875) species-group.
The T. alni species-group is well demarcated and supported by the DNA results. The rest of the species
in the genus Trypophloeus are proposed to be divided into three other species groups.
A classic taxonomic study on the species in the Trypophloeus alni species-group was also carried
out. In general, the morphology of the genus gives a poor basis for taxonomy and morphological
identification due to small differences and overlapping characters between the species. Still, the
characters can give some basis for identification when a large material is examined. However, the
overlap of morphological characters makes the identification uncertain. It should be interpreted as an
indication more than an exact identification, even when combined with geographical, biological and
host tree information. The conclusion is that T. borealis sp. n. and T. nitidus are morphologically very
similar with overlapping characters and are morphological sibling species. Biometric and statistical
studies might bring more information on morphological differences.
The presented study caused some nomenclatorial changes. Trypophloeus niger Stark, 1936 syn.
n. is a synonym of Trypophloeus dejevi. The type of Trypophloeus striatulus (Mannerheim, 1853)
was considered lost, but has been found in the collection of the Zoological Institute in St. Petersburg,
Russia. Many authors erroneously considered the species to belong to the genus Trypophloeus.
However, studies of the type show that it actually belongs to the genus Cryphalus Erichson, 1836.
Cryphalus striatulus Mannerheim, 1853 has priority, and the name is resurrected and Cryphalus
ruficollis Hopkins, 1915 syn. n. is thus a new junior synonym. Consequently, Trypophloeus striatulus
(Mannerheim, 1853) is not a valid name and Trypophloeus nitidus Swaine, 1912 res. n. is the valid
name.
Information on the biology and known distribution of T. borealis sp. n. is included. Lectotype
for Cryphalus alni Lindemann, 1875 (now called Trypophloeus alni) is selected from Lindemann’s
specimens preserved in Natural History Museum in Vienna and is designated here.

Published in

Norwegian Journal of Entomology
2021, Volume: 68, number: 1, pages: 44-66

    UKÄ Subject classification

    Forest Science
    Zoology

    Permanent link to this page (URI)

    https://res.slu.se/id/publ/112818