A carbon-budget approach shows that reduced decomposition causes the nitrogen-induced increase in soil carbon in a boreal forest

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) addition causes rapid accumulation of carbon (C) in the soils of boreal forests. The C accumulation has been attributed to an increase in C supply to the soil, to a decrease in mineralization of organic C to CO2, or some combination of the two. We sought to quantify the proportional causes in a case study in a boreal Scots pine forest with or without annual N addition (at 50-100 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)). We continuously measured soil-surface CO2 exchange with large chambers (20-m(2)surface area) over three growing seasons and derived flux rates from snowpack CO2 profiles during the winter. Models were used to disaggregate the CO2-exchange data into auto-trophic and heterotrophic components. We also measured litterfall and inferred total belowground carbon flux (TBCF). We observed annual soil C accumulation to be higher by 104 g C m(-2) yr(-1) at the fertilized (F) plot compared to the unfertilized reference (R) stand. Total annual C supply to soil (Aboveground litterfall + TBCF) was not increased by the N addition despite a substantial increase in litterfall (+64 g C m(-2) yr(-1)). Instead the sum decreased slightly, by 52 g C m(-2) yr(-1), because of a larger reduction in TBCF. This reduction in soil C supply led us to conclude that the soil C accumulation was entirely due to inhibited substrate mineralization. We speculate that the nitrogen increased soil C by inhibiting heterotrophy, specifically that portion of heterotrophy that is primed by autotrophic carbon.

Keywords

Allocation; Automated chamber system; Belowground partitioning; Lignin; Pinus sylvestris; Respiration

Published in

Forest Ecology and Management
2021, volume: 502, article number: 119750
Publisher: ELSEVIER

SLU Authors

• Marshall, John

  • Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Peichl, Matthias

  • Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Tarvainen, Lasse

  • Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    
  • University of Gothenburg

• Lim, Hyungwoo

  • Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Lundmark, Tomas

  • Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Näsholm, Torgny

  • Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Öquist, Mats

  • Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Linder, Sune

  • Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

UKÄ Subject classification

Forest Science

Publication identifier

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119750

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/114213