Abstract

Introduction: Although challenging, predicting outcomes in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is of importance to owners and veterinar-ians. Our aim was to compare the prognostic value of selected one-, two-, and three-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic methods to predict cardiac-re-lated and all-cause mortality in MMVD dogs. We hypothesize that three-dimensional methods would better predict prognosis than one-and two-dimensional methods.Animals: One-hundred thirty-eight privately-owned dogs with MMVD. Materials and methods: Cox proportional Hazard analyses and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to investigate the predictive value of 14 variables; left atrial (LA) volume indexed to body weight (BW) measured by real-time three-dimensional echocardio-graphy (RT3DE) and calculated using Simpson's modified method of discs (SMOD) and the area-length method; LA diameter in short-axis and long-axis to aortic in short-axis ratio, effective regurgitant orifice area indexed to body surface area measured in RT3DE en face view and calculated using four-chamber (4Ch) and two-chamber views alone or in combination; percentage increase in left ventricular end-diastolic and systolic internal diameters; fractional shortening; E wave velo -city; regurgitant jet area/LA area. Results: All 14 variables were significantly predictive of cardiac-related mortality, and 11 were predictive of all-cause mortality. The prognosis was best predicted by LA volume/BW estimated by SMOD or RT3DE, consistently showing the highest pre-dictive value in all analyses.Conclusions: Left atrial volume calculated by SMOD showed a similar predictive va-lue compared to RT3DE. Performing SMOD from apical 4Ch images should be consid-ered an alternative to RT3DE for echocardiographic examinations where prognostication of disease outcome is sought. 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Simpson's modified method of discs; Area-length method; Mitral regurgitation; Effective regurgitant orifice area

Published in

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology
2022, Volume: 39, pages: 89-101
Publisher: ELSEVIER

SLU Authors

• Tidholm, Anna

  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    
  • Albano Animal Hospital

• Häggström, Jens

  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

UKÄ Subject classification

Pathobiology
Clinical Science


Publication identifier

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvc.2021.12.005

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/116948