Abstract

The current distribution and population structure of many species were, to a large extent, shaped by cycles of isolation in glacial refugia and subsequent population expansions. Isolation in and postglacial expansion through heterogeneous environments led to either neutral or adaptive divergence. Norway spruce is no exception, and its current distribution is the consequence of a constant interplay between evolutionary and demographic processes. We investigated population differentiation and adaptation of Norway spruce for juvenile growth, diameter of the stem, wood density, and tracheid traits at breast height. Data from 4461 phenotyped and genotyped Norway spruce from 396 half-sib families in two progeny tests were used to test for divergent selection in the framework of Q(ST) vs. F-ST. We show that the macroscopic resultant trait (stem diameter), unlike its microscopic components (tracheid dimensions) and juvenile growth, was under divergent selection that predated the Last Glacial Maximum. Altogether, the current variation in these phenotypic traits in Norway spruce is better explained by local adaptation to ancestral environments than to current ones, where populations were partly preadapted, mainly through growth-related traits.

Keywords

Norway spruce; population structure; Q(ST) vs; F-ST; wood quality

Published in

Evolutionary applications
2023, Volume: 16, number: 1, pages: 163-172
Publisher: WILEY

SLU Authors

• Tiret, Mathieu

  • Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    
  • National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE)
  • Uppsala University

• Garcia Gil, Rosario

  • Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

UKÄ Subject classification

Evolutionary Biology


Publication identifier

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13519

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/120778