Abstract

Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas and its concentrations have tripled in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution. There is evidence that global warming has increased CH4 emissions from freshwater ecosystems(1,2), providing positive feedback to the global climate. Yet for rivers and streams, the controls and the magnitude of CH4 emissions remain highly uncertain(3,4). Here we report a spatially explicit global estimate of CH4 emissions from running waters, accounting for 27.9 (16.7-39.7) Tg CH4 per year and roughly equal in magnitude to those of other freshwater systems(5,6). Riverine CH4 emissions are not strongly temperature dependent, with low average activation energy (E-M = 0.14 eV) compared with that of lakes and wetlands (E-M = 0.96 eV)(1). By contrast, global patterns of emissions are characterized by large fluxes in high- and low-latitude settings as well as in human-dominated environments. These patterns are explained by edaphic and climate features that are linked to anoxia in and near fluvial habitats, including a high supply of organic matter and water saturation in hydrologically connected soils. Our results highlight the importance of land-water connections in regulating CH4 supply to running waters, which is vulnerable not only to direct human modifications but also to several climate change responses on land.

Published in

Nature
2023, Volume: 621, number: 7979, pages: 530-535
Publisher: NATURE PORTFOLIO

SLU Authors

• Rocher-Ros, Gerard

  • Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    
  • Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC)
  • Umea University

UKÄ Subject classification

Climate Research


Publication identifier

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06344-6

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/123790