Abstract

Over the last years, the strategy of employing inevitable organic waste and residue streams to produce valuable and greener materials for a wide range of applications has been proven an efficient and suitable approach. In this research, sulfur-doped porous biochar was produced through a single-step pyrolysis of birch waste tree in the presence of zinc chloride as chemical activator. The sulfur doping process led to a remarkable impact on the biochar structure. Moreover, it was shown that sulfur doping also had an important impact on sodium diclofenac (S-DCF) removal from aqueous solutions due to the introduction of S-functionalities on biochar surface. The adsorption experiments suggested that General and Liu models offered the best fit for the kinetic and equilibrium studies, respectively. The results showed that the kinetic was faster for the S-doped biochar while the maximum adsorption capacity values at 318 K were 564 mg g⁻¹ (non-doped) and 693 mg g⁻¹ (S-doped); highlighting the better affinity of S-doped biochar for the S-DCF molecule compared to non-doped biochar. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH⁰, ΔS⁰, ΔG⁰) suggested that the S-DCF removal on both adsorbents was spontaneous, favourable, and endothermic.

Keywords

Heteroatom doping; Sulfur-doped biochar; Fast adsorption's kinetic

Published in

Environmental Research
2024, Volume: 251, number: Part 1, article number: 118595

SLU Authors

• Simões Dos Reis, Glaydson

  • Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Grimm, Alejandro

  • Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

UKÄ Subject classification

Materials Chemistry


Publication identifier

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.118595

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/128918