Detoxifying effects of a commercial additive and Phyllanthus amarus extract in pigs fed fumonisins-contaminated feed

Abstract

Reduction of the negative effects fumonisims in pigs of a Phyllanthus amarus extract and a commercial detoxifying additive product was evaluated with respect to growth performance, pathology and blood biochemistry. Forty eight crossbred (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) weanling pigs were randomly assigned in a completely randomized design (CRD) to six diets containing: 1) low fumonisin B1 and no feed additive (LFNA); 2) low fumonisin B1 and a commercial detoxicant additive at 1g/kg of feed (LFCA); 3) low fumonisin B1 and Phyllanthus amarus extract at 10g/kg of feed (LFPE); 4) high fumonisin B1 and no feed additive (HFNA); 5) high fumonisin B1 and commercial detoxicant additive at 1g/kg of feed (HFCA); 6) high fumonisin B1 and Phyllanthus amarus extract at 10g/kg of feed (HFPE). Fumonisin levels, detoxicants and their combination did not have any effect on final weight, average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio in pigs. Including 3980 μg fumonisins/kg diet decreased the total cholesterol significantly compared with the low fumonisin groups (2.19 mmol/L < 2.42 mmol/L) (P<0.05). The aspartate aminotransferase (AST) blood levels of pigs given the commercial additive were higher than in the no feed additive group (110 U/L > 83.1 U/L, P=0.067) and the Phyllanthus amarus group also had a high AST blood level (99.6 U/L). Moreover, fumonisins thickened the alveolar walls of the lungs, while the commercial and Phyllanthus amarus additives partly reduce the thickened alveolar wall lesions. Liver cells also had more severe fatty degeneration and necrosis in the fumonisin and no additive group than in the commercial and Phyllanthus amarus groups. However P. amarus extract made the liver tender.

Keywords

Aspartate aminotransferase; AST; Blood biochemistry; Fumonisin B1; Liver; Lung

Published in

Livestock Research For Rural Development
2012, volume: 24, number: 6

SLU Authors

• Ogle, Brian

  • Department of Applied Animal Science and Welfare, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

UKÄ Subject classification

Animal and Dairy Science

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/132298