Seasonal dynamics in leaf litter decomposing microbial communities in temperate forests: a whole-genomesequencing-based study

Abstract

Leaf litter decomposition, a crucial component of the global carbon cycle, relies on the pivotal role played by microorganisms. However, despite their ecological importance, leaf-litter-decomposing microorganism taxonomic and functional diversity needs additional study. This study explores the taxonomic composition, dynamics, and functional role of microbial communities that decompose leaf litter of forest-forming tree species in two ecologically unique regions of Europe. Twenty-nine microbial metagenomes isolated from the leaf litter of eight forest-forming species of woody plants were investigated by Illumina technology using read- and assembly-based approaches of sequences analysis. The taxonomic structure of the microbial community varies depending on the stage of litter decomposition; however, the community's core is formed by Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Stenotrophomonas, and Pedobacter genera of Bacteria and by Aureobasidium, Penicillium, Venturia genera of Fungi. A comparative analysis of the taxonomic structure and composition of the microbial communities revealed that in both regions, seasonal changes in structure take place; however, there is no clear pattern in its dynamics. Functional gene analysis of MAGs revealed numerous metabolic profiles associated with leaf litter degradation. This highlights the diverse metabolic capabilities of microbial communities and their implications for ecosystem processes, including the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during organic matter decomposition. This study provides important advances in understanding of ecosystem processes and the carbon cycle, underscoring the need to unravel the intricacies of microbial communities within these contexts.

Keywords

Bacteria; Fungi; Metagenome; Leaf litter decomposition; Temperate and boreal forests; Volatile organic compounds (VOCs); Microbial communities

Published in

PeerJ
2024, Volume: 12, article number: 17769Publisher: PEERJ INC

SLU Authors

• Khomutovska, Nataliia

  • Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    
  • University of Warsaw

UKÄ Subject classification

Microbiology


Publication identifier

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17769

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/132711