Gårdmark, Anna
- Department of Aquatic Resources (SLU Aqua), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Research article2012Peer reviewedOpen access
Gårdmark, Anna; Östman, Örjan; Nielsen, Anders; Lundström, Karl; Karlsson, Olle; Ponni, J; Aho, Teija
Mortality of small pelagic fish due to marine mammals is generally considered to be low compared with other sources of mortality. With recent recoveries of marine mammal predators worldwide, this may no longer hold. The grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) population in the Bothnian Sea has increased fivefold since 1985. Its main prey, herring (Clupea harrengus), is a key species for fisheries in the region. Yet, current stock assessments assume constant natural mortality, leading to a risk of biased stock estimates with increasing predation and misleading analyses of herring population dynamics. We estimated grey seal predation from diet data and reanalysed herring spawning stock biomass (SSB) during 1973-2009. Accounting for predation increased the herring SSB 16% (maximum 19%), but this was within the confidence intervals when ignoring predation. Although mortality in older individuals was inflated when accounting for seal predation, this did not change the conclusions about drivers of herring dynamics. Accounting for grey seal predation is important for abundance estimates of old herring, but currently not for SSB estimates, given the great uncertainties in the standard assessment. The grey seal impact on Bothnian Sea herring will need to be reassessed if stock age composition, grey seal feeding preferences, or total stock development change.
assessment models; fishery management; maximum sustainable yield; population dynamics; species interactions; stock assessment; top-predators; marine mammals
ICES Journal of Marine Science
2012, Volume: 69, number: 8, pages: 1448-1456
Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS
SDG14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
Ecology
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss099
https://res.slu.se/id/publ/42717