Svensson, Stina
- Centre for Image Analysis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Research article2012Peer reviewedOpen access
The Human Skin Barrier Is Organized as Stacked Bilayers of Fully Extended Ceramides with Cholesterol Molecules Associated with the Ceramide Sphingoid Moiety
Iwai, Ichiro; Han, HongMei; Lianne, den Hollander; Svensson, Stina; Öfverstedt, L.-G.; Anwar, Jamshed; Brewer, Jonathan; Bloksgaard, Maria; Laloeuf, Aurelie; Nosek, Daniel; Masich, Sergej; Bagatolli, Luis A; Skoglund, Ulf; Norlén, Lars
Abstract
The skin barrier is fundamental to terrestrial life and its evolution; it upholds homeostasis and protects against the environment. Skin barrier capacity is controlled by lipids that fill the extracellular space of the skin's surface layer-the stratum corneum. Here we report on the determination of the molecular organization of the skin's lipid matrix in situ, in its near-native state, using a methodological approach combining very high magnification cryo-electron microscopy (EM) of vitreous skin section defocus series, molecular modeling, and EM simulation. The lipids are organized in an arrangement not previously described in a biological system-stacked bilayers of fully extended ceramides (CERs) with cholesterol molecules associated with the CER sphingoid moiety. This arrangement rationalizes the skin's low permeability toward water and toward hydrophilic and lipophilic substances, as well as the skin barrier's robustness toward hydration and dehydration, environmental temperature and pressure changes, stretching, compression, bending, and shearing.
Published in
Journal of Investigative Dermatology
2012, Volume: 132, number: 9, pages: 2215-2225
Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
SLU Authors
UKÄ Subject classification
Dermatology and Venereal Diseases
Publication identifier
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2012.43
Permanent link to this page (URI)
https://res.slu.se/id/publ/45152