Abstract

Today, there is no continuous monitoring of the bronchial epithelial lining fluid. This study used microdialysis as a method of continuous monitoring of early lung cytokine response secondary to intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in pigs. The authors aimed to examine bronchial microdialysis for continuous monitoring of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-8, and fluorescein isothiocyanate Dextran 4,000 Da (FD-4). The superior mesenteric artery was cross-clamped for 120 min followed by 240 min of reperfusion (ischemia group, n = 8). Four sham-operated pigs served as controls. The pigs were anesthetized and normoventilated (peak inspiratory pressure, <20 cm H(2)O; positive end-expiratory pressure, 7 cm H(2)O). Samples from bronchial and luminal intestinal and arterial microdialysis catheters (flow-rate of 1 mu L/min) were collected during reperfusion in 60-min fractions. Samples were analyzed for TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-8, and FD-4. Data are presented as median (interquartile range). A lung biopsy was collected at the end of the experiment. During reperfusion, there was an increase in bronchial concentrations of both IL-8 (3.70 [1.47-8.93] ng/mL per h vs. controls, 0.61 [0.47-0.91] ng/mL per h; P < 0.001) and IL-1 beta (0.32 [0.05-0.56] ng/mL per h vs. controls, 0.07 [0.04-0.10] ng/mL per h; P = 0.008). In the intestinal lumen, IL-8 was increased in the ischemia group (6.33 [3.13-9.23] ng/mL per h vs. controls, 0.89 [0.21-1.86] ng/mL per h; P < 0.001). The FD-4 did not differ between groups. Pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary shunt increased versus controls. During reperfusion, PaO(2)/FiO(2) ratio decreased in the ischemia group. Histology was normal in both groups. Bronchial microdialysis detects altered levels of cytokines in the epithelial lining fluid and can be used for continuous monitoring of the immediate local lung cytokine response secondary to intestinal ischemia-reperfusion.

Keywords

Lung injury; cytokines; interleukin-8; interleukin-1 beta; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; microdialysis; small intestine; ischemia; reperfusion injury

Published in

Shock
2010, Volume: 34, number: 5, pages: 517-524
Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS

SLU Authors

• Johannisson, Anders

  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

UKÄ Subject classification

Veterinary Science
Animal and Dairy Science


Publication identifier

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181dfc430

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/60940