Abstract

Changes in serum metabolic profile after the intake of different food products (e.g., bread) can provide insight into their interaction with human metabolism. Postprandial metabolic responses were compared after the intake of refined wheat (RWB), whole-meal rye (WRB), and refined rye (RRB) breads. In addition, associations between the metabolic profile in fasting serum and the postprandial concentration of insulin in response to different breads were investigated. Nineteen postmenopausal women. with normal fasting glucose and normal glucose tolerance participated in a randomized, controlled, crossover meal study. The test breads, RWB (control), RRB, and WRB, providing 50 g of available carbohydrate, were each served as a single meal. The postprandial metabolic profile was measured using nuclear magnetic resonance and targeted LC-mass spectrometry and was compared between different breads using ANOVA and multivariate models. Eight amino acids had a significant treatment effect (P < 0.01) and a significant treatment x time effect (P < 0.05). RWB produced higher postprandial concentrations of leucine (geometric mean: 224; 95% Cl: 196, 257) and isoleucine (mean +/- SD: 111 +/- 31.5) compared with RRB (geometric mean: 165; 95% Cl: 147, 186; mean +/- SD: 84.2 +/- 22.9) and WRB (geometric mean: 190; 95% Cl: 174, 207; mean +/- SD: 95.8 +/- 17.3) at 60 min respectively (P < 0.001). In addition, 2 metabolic subgroups were identified using multivariate models based on the association between fasting metabolic profile and the postprandial concentration of insulin. Women with higher fasting concentrations of leucine and isoleucine and lower fasting concentrations of sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines had higher insulin responses despite similar glucose concentration after all kinds of bread (cross-validated ANOVA, P = 0.048). High blood concentration of branched-chain amino acids, i.e., leucine and isoleucine, has been associated with the increased risk of diabetes, which suggests that additional consideration should be given to bread proteins in understanding the beneficial health effects of different kinds of breads. The present study suggests that the fasting metabolic profile can be used to characterize the postprandial insulin demand in individuals with normal glucose metabolism that can be used for establishing strategies for the stratification of individuals in personalized nutrition.

Published in

Journal of Nutrition
2014, Volume: 144, number: 6, pages: 807-814
Publisher: AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN

SLU Authors

• Moazzami, Ali

  • Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Shrestha, Aahana

  • Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Morrison, David

  • Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

Sustainable Development Goals

Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture


UKÄ Subject classification

Nutrition and Dietetics
Organic Chemistry


Publication identifier

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.113.188912

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/68002