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Doctoral thesis2015Open access

Fungal and mussel protein sources in fish feed : nutritional and physiological aspects

Vidakovic, Aleksandar

Abstract

Fungal and mussel protein sources in the diet of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and their effect on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, intestinal barrier function and post-prandial profiles of plasma amino acids and whole blood parameters were evaluated in this thesis. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, sum of amino acids and gross energy in experiment with Arctic charr decreased with dietary inclusion of intact Saccharomyces cerevisiae. No significant differences in apparent digestibility between dietary treatments were found in experiment with Eurasian perch. Growth performance, protein retention and total amino acids in Arctic charr were not affected by diets containing intact S. cerevisiae and M. edulis, demonstrating that 40% of fish meal can be replaced on crude protein basis with these protein sources in Arctic charr diets. Intestinal barrier analysis showed higher apparent permeability for diets with intact S. cerevisiae and R. oryzae than for a reference diet. Trans-epithelial resistance in the proximal intestine was not affected by dietary treatment. In rainbow trout, replacing 40% of fish meal with intact S. cerevisiae or Wickerhamomyces anomalus/S. cerevisiae mix had no effect on feed conversion and growth. Apparent digestibility of crude protein was unaffected when 20% of fish meal was replaced with yeast mix and the overall results of this study demonstrated that 40% of fish meal can be replaced on a digestible protein basis with yeast sources without compromising growth performance. Analysis of post-prandial dynamics of whole blood parameters and plasma free amino acids in dorsal aorta cannulated rainbow trout fed yeast supplemented diets showed significant increase in whole blood pH, TCO2, HCO3 and base excess compared with the reference diet, indicating acute metabolic alkalosis in response to differences in mineral content between these diets. Methionine, hydroxy-lysine-2, 3-methyl-histidine and hydroxy-proline concentrations differed significantly between fish fed yeast-based diets and the reference diet, possibly due to differences in dietary crystalline methionine levels and collagen content between yeast and fish meal sources.

Keywords

Arctic char; Eurasian perch; Rainbow trout; alternative protein sources; dorsal aorta cannulation; growth performance; digestibility

Published in

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae
2015, number: 2015:90
ISBN: 978-91-576-8378-6, eISBN: 978-91-576-8379-3
Publisher: Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences