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Research article - Peer-reviewed, 2018

Provenance of whitefish in the Gulf of Bothnia determined by elemental analysis of otolith cores

Lill, J-O; Finnas, V.; Slotte, J. M. K.; Jokikokko, E.; Heimbrand, Y.; Hagerstrand, H.

Abstract

The strontium concentration in the core of otoliths was used to determine the provenance of whitefish found in the Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea. To that end, a database of strontium concentration in fish otoliths representing different habitats (sea, river and fresh water) had to be built. Otoliths from juvenile whitefish were therefore collected from freshwater ponds at 5 hatcheries, from adult whitefish from 6 spawning sites at sea along the Finnish west coast, and from adult whitefish ascending to spawn in the Tome River, in total 67 otoliths. PIXE was applied to determine the elemental concentrations in these otoliths. While otoliths from the juveniles raised in the freshwater ponds showed low but varying strontium concentrations (194-1664 mu g/g,), otoliths from sea spawning fish showed high uniform strontium levels (3720-4333 mu g/g). The otolith core analysis of whitefish from Tome River showed large variations in the strontium concentrations (1525-3650 mu g/g). These otolith data form a database to be used for provenance studies of wild adult whitefish caught at sea. The applicability of the database was evaluated by analyzing the core of polished otoliths from 11 whitefish from a test site at sea in the Larsmo archipelago. Our results show that by analyzing strontium in the otolith core, we can differentiate between hatchery-origin and wild-origin whitefish, but not always between river and sea spawning whitefish.

Keywords

Otoliths; Whitefish; Juvenile; Stocking; Baltic Sea; PIXE

Published in

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
2018, Volume: 417, pages: 86-90
Publisher: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

    UKÄ Subject classification

    Fish and Wildlife Management
    Ecology

    Publication identifier

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.09.029

    Permanent link to this page (URI)

    https://res.slu.se/id/publ/94435