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Research article2018Peer reviewedOpen access

Comparative analysis of adaptive immune responses following experimental infections of cattle with bovine viral diarrhoea virus-1 and an Asiatic atypical ruminant pestivirus

Riitho, Victor; Larska, Magdalena; Strong, Rebecca; La Rocca, S. Anna; Locker, Nicolas; Alenius, Stefan; Steinbach, Falko; Liu, Lihong; Uttenthal, Ase; Graham, Simon P.

Abstract

Atypical ruminant pestiviruses are closely related to the two bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) species, BVDV-1 and BVDV-2. While there is evidence of cross-protective immune responses between BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, despite antigenic differences, there is little information on the antigenic cross-reactivity with atypical ruminant pestiviruses. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the specificity of antibody and T cell responses induced by experimental infection of calves with BVDV-1 strain Ho916, Th/04_KhonKaen (TKK), an Asiatic atypical ruminant pestivirus, or co-infection with both viruses. Homologous virus neutralization was observed in sera from both single virus infected and co-infected groups, while cross-neutralization was only observed in the TKK infected group. T cell IFN-gamma responses to both viruses were observed in the TKK infected animals, whereas Ho916 infected calves responded better to homologous virus. Specifically, IFN-gamma responses to viral non-structural protein, NS3, were observed in all infected groups while responses to viral glycoprotein, E2, were virus-specific. Broader antigen-specific cytokine responses were observed with similar trends between inoculation groups and virus species. The limited T cell and antibody immune reactivity of Ho916 inoculated animals to TKK suggests that animals vaccinated with current BVDV-1-based vaccines may not be protected against atypical ruminant pestiviruses. Crown Copyright (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords

BVDV; Atypical pestivirus; Immune responses; Cross-reactivity

Published in

Vaccine
2018, Volume: 36, number: 30, pages: 4494-4500
Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD

      SLU Authors

        • Sustainable Development Goals

        Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

        UKÄ Subject classification

        Pathobiology

        Publication identifier

        DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.06.019

        Permanent link to this page (URI)

        https://res.slu.se/id/publ/96321