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Research article2018Peer reviewedOpen access

From leaf to continent: The multi-scale distribution of an invasive cryptic pathogen complex on oak

Desprez-Loustau, Marie-Laure; Massot, Marie; Toigo, Maude; Fort, Tania; Kaya, Ayse Gulden Aday; Boberg, Johanna; Braun, Uwe; Capdevielle, Xavier; Cech, Thomas; Chandelier, Anne; Christova, Petya; Corcobado, Tamara; Dogmus, Tugba; Dutech, Cyril; Fabreguettes, Olivier; d'Arcier, Julie Faivre; Gross, Andrin; Jung, Marilia Horta; Iturritxa, Eugenia; Jung, Thomas;
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Abstract

The spatial distribution and niche differentiation of three closely related species (Erysiphe alphitoides, Erysiphe quercicola and Erysiphe hypophylla) causing oak powdery mildew was studied at scales ranging from the European continent, where they are invasive, to a single leaf. While E. alphitoides was dominant at all scales, E. quercicola and E. hypophylla had restricted geographic, stand and leaf distributions. The large-scale distributions were likely explained by climatic factors and species environmental tolerances, with E. quercicola being more frequent in warmer climates and E. hypophylla in colder climates. The extensive sampling and molecular analyses revealed the cryptic invasion of E. quercicola in nine countries from which it had not previously been recorded. The presence of the three species was also strongly affected by host factors, such as oak species and developmental stage. Segregation patterns between Erysiphe species were observed at the leaf scale, between and within leaf surfaces, suggesting competitive effects. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd and British Mycological Society. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Cryptic invasion; Cryptic species; Erysiphe; Oak; Plant pathogen; Powdery mildew; Quercus; Spatial distribution; Emission inventory; Species coexistence

Published in

Fungal Ecology
2018, Volume: 36, pages: 39-50
Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD