Biogas Digestate in Vegetable Hydroponic Production: pH Dynamics and pH Management by Controlled Nitrification

Abstract

Soilless cultivation of vegetables with digestate fertilizer from biogas production as a nutrient source is a promising method for integrating food production and organic waste management. In this study, bok choy (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) was cultivated in a hydroponic nutrient film technique system with biogas digestate as the only fertilizer source. Nitrification in moving bed biofilm reactors (external and/or integrated into the hydroponic cultivation system) was employed to lower the high ammonium concentration in the digestate prior to use. Treatments with differing nitrification and digestate input strategies were compared with respect to pH dynamics, crop growth, shoot water content, and shoot mineral content. The results showed that < 20% longer cultivation time (< 1 week) gave similar yield in biogas digestate-based hydroponics as in conventional hydroponics based on synthetic fertilizers. Automatic pH control through addition of digestate resulted in similar shoot dry weight as in the mineral fertilizer reference system. It can be concluded that biogas digestate is a suitable plant nutrient source for hydroponic production of bok choy, considering productivity and circularity aspects. The combined impact of digestate ammonium content, digestate pH, and the nitrification step needs to be considered when designing a hydroponic system with biogas digestate as the fertilizer source. Graphic

Keywords

Anaerobic digestate; Biogas production; Biofertilizer; Circular economy; Organic hydroponics

Published in

Waste and Biomass Valorization
2021, volume: 12, number: 1, pages: 123-133

SLU Authors

• Pelayo Lind, Olle

  • Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Hultberg, Malin

  • Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Larsson Jönsson, Helene

  • Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Caspersen, Siri

  • Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Asp, Håkan

  • Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

• Bergstrand, Karl-Johan

  • Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
    

Global goals (SDG)

SDG2 Zero hunger

UKÄ Subject classification

Horticulture
Renewable Bioenergy Research
Agricultural Science

Publication identifier

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-00965-y

Permanent link to this page (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/104523