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Research article - Peer-reviewed, 2018

Habitat proximity exerts opposing effects on key ecological functions

Martin, Tyson S. H.; Olds, Andrew D.; Olalde, Asier B. H.; Berkstrom, Charlotte; Gilby, Ben L.; Schlacher, Thomas A.; Butler, Ian R.; Yabsley, Nicholas A.; Zann, Maria; Connolly, Rod M.

Abstract

Connectivity is an important property of landscapes that shapes populations and ecosystem functioning. We do not know, however, whether and how different types of spatial linkages combine to influence ecological functions, and this hampers their integration into conservation planning.We used coral reef seascapes in eastern Australia as a model system to test whether the proximity of other reefs (habitat proximity) or the proximity of other habitats (seascape proximity) exert stronger effects on two key ecological functions (herbivory and piscivory).We measured rates of herbivory (on fleshy macroalgae) and piscivory (on prey fish) on reefs that differed in their proximity to both other reefs and nearby mangroves and seagrass.The extent of habitat proximity between reefs significantly influenced both ecological functions, but in different ways: isolated reefs supported high herbivory but low piscivory, whilst, conversely, reefs that were closer to other reefs supported high piscivory but low herbivory. This was not caused by herbivores avoiding their predators, as the dominant piscivores (small predatory snappers) were too small to consume the dominant herbivores (large rabbitfishes). Seascape proximity (e.g., distance to mangroves or seagrass) was less important in shaping ecological functions on reefs in this system.We suggest that the effects of seascape configuration on ecological functions depends on the type of spatial linkage, and the ecological functions in question. To better integrate connectivity into conservation, we must develop a deeper understanding of how different spatial linkages combine to shape ecosystem functioning across landscapes.

Keywords

Seascape; Predation; Herbivory; Fish; Coral reefs; Asymmetry; Connectivity

Published in

Landscape Ecology
2018, Volume: 33, number: 8, pages: 1273-1286
Publisher: SPRINGER

    Sustainable Development Goals

    SDG14 Life below water

    UKÄ Subject classification

    Ecology

    Publication identifier

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-018-0680-6

    Permanent link to this page (URI)

    https://res.slu.se/id/publ/96150