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Research article2019Peer reviewedOpen access

Severity of impacts of an introduced species corresponds with regional eco-evolutionary experience

Davis, Kimberley T.; Callaway, Ragan M.; Fajardo, Alex; Pauchard, Anibal; Nunez, Martin A.; Brooker, Rob W.; Maxwell, Bruce D.; Dimarco, Romina D.; Peltzer, Duane A.; Mason, Bill; Ruotsalainen, Seppo; McIntosh, Anne C. S.; Pakeman, Robin J.; Smith, Alyssa Laney; Gundale, Michael J.

Abstract

Invasive plant impacts vary widely across introduced ranges. We tested the hypothesis that differences in the eco-evolutionary experience of native communities with the invader correspond with the impacts of invasive species on native vegetation, with impacts increasing with ecological novelty. We compared plant species richness and composition beneath Pinus contorta to that in adjacent vegetation and other P. contorta stands across a network of sites in its native (Canada and USA) and non-native (Argentina, Chile, Finland, New Zealand, Scotland, Sweden) ranges. At sites in North America and Europe, within the natural distribution of the genus Pinus, P. contorta was not associated with decreases in diversity. In the Southern Hemisphere, where there are no native Pinaceae, plant communities beneath P. contorta were less diverse than in other regions and compared to uninvaded native vegetation. Effects on native vegetation were particularly pronounced where P. contorta was a more novel life form and exhibited higher growth rates. Our results support the hypothesis that the eco-evolutionary experience of the native vegetation, and thus the novelty of the invader, determines the magnitude of invader impacts on native communities. Understanding the eco-evolutionary context of invasions will help to better understand and predict where invasion impacts will be greatest and to prioritize invasive species management.

Keywords

biological invasion; biodiversity; eco-evolutionary experience

Published in

Ecography
2019, Volume: 42, number: 1, pages: 12-22
Publisher: WILEY

    Associated SLU-program

    SLU Plant Protection Network

    Sustainable Development Goals

    Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

    UKÄ Subject classification

    Ecology

    Publication identifier

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.04014

    Permanent link to this page (URI)

    https://res.slu.se/id/publ/97855