Sammanfattning

Increasing deer populations in many temperate regions can affect tree regeneration, resulting in severe long-term impacts on forest structure, composition and diversity. Of the most common deer species in Europe - red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) - roe deer are generally thought to have the highest impact on palatable tree species owing to their feeding niche. Although browsing and its potential consequences are well researched, less is known about the influence of specific deer species within multi-species ungulate communities on specific tree species. Environmental DNA (eDNA) allows the determination of species-specific browsing habits without the need for direct observations, facilitating effective targeting of management interventions. In this study eDNA was used to elucidate the browsing patterns of these two deer species in the temperate forest of the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany and analysed the influence of tree species, management type and height of browsing, on the success rate of the method. Samples were collected from twigs used in feeding trials from enclosures containing red deer or roe deer and from naturally browsed twigs in three different management types within the national park. eDNA was successfully amplified from 98% of the feeding trial samples, and the correct deer species was identified for all samples. eDNA was successfully amplified from approximately 50% of the naturally browsed samples. Neither management type, tree species, nor height of browsing had any significant influence on the success of the method. For silver fir and rowan, no significant difference was found in the proportion of browsing events attributable to roe or red deer, when the two deer species occur at similar densities. These results indicate that roe deer might not always be disproportionately responsible for the browsing of palatable tree species as expected from its food niche. Roe deer were significantly more responsible for browsing at lower heights than red deer. Although not statistically significant, roe deer were more responsible for browsing in intact forest compared to bark-beetle-impact forest, with the opposite relationship for red deer.

Nyckelord

Environmental DNA; Foraging patterns; Browsing patterns; Wildlife management; Deer browsing

Publicerad i

Forest Ecology and Management
2019, Volym: 451, artikelnummer: 117483
Utgivare: ELSEVIER

SLU författare

• Cromsigt, Joris

  • Institutionen för vilt, fisk och miljö, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
    
  • Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

• Spong, Göran

  • Institutionen för vilt, fisk och miljö, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
    

Associerade SLU-program

SLU Nätverk växtskydd


Globala målen

SDG15 Skydda, återställa och främja ett hållbart nyttjande av landbaserade ekosystem, hållbart bruka skogar, bekämpa ökenspridning, hejda och vrida tillbaka markförstöringen samt hejda förlusten av biologisk mångfald


UKÄ forskningsämne

Skogsvetenskap
Vilt- och fiskeförvaltning


Publikationens identifierare

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117483

Permanent länk till denna sida (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/102379