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Forskningsartikel2024Vetenskapligt granskadÖppen tillgång

Trophic regulation of soil microbial biomass under nitrogen enrichment: A global meta-analysis

Xing, Wen; Chen, Xinli; Thakur, Madhav P.; Kardol, Paul; Lu, Xiaoming; Bai, Yongfei

Sammanfattning

Eutrophication, including nitrogen (N) enrichment, can affect soil microbial communities through changes in trophic interactions. However, a knowledge gap still exists about how plant resources ('bottom-up effects') and microbial predators ('top-down effects') regulate the impacts of N enrichment on microbial biomass at the global scale. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a global meta-analysis using 2885 paired observations from 217 publications to evaluate the regulatory effects of plant biomass and soil nematodes on soil microbial biomass under N enrichment across terrestrial ecosystems.
We found that the effects of N enrichment on soil microbial biomass varied strongly across ecosystems. N enrichment decreased the soil microbial biomass of natural grasslands and forests due to soil acidification and the subsequent losses of predatory and microbivorous nematodes stimulating microbial growth. By contrast, N enrichment increased the microbial biomass of managed croplands mainly via increasing plant biomass production. Across diverse ecosystems, the short-term N enrichment (experimental duration <= 5 years) could reduce microbial biomass via decreasing nematode abundance, whereas the long-term N enrichment (experimental duration >5 years) mainly promoted microbial biomass via increasing plant biomass.
These findings highlight the critical roles of microbial predators and plant input in shaping microbial responses to N enrichment, which are highly dependent on ecosystem type and the period of N enrichment. Earth system models that predict soil microbial biomass and their linkages to soil functioning should consider the variations in plant biomass and soil nematodes under future scenarios of N deposition.

Nyckelord

eutrophication; meta-analysis; nematodes; soil food web; soil microbial biomass; trophic regulation

Publicerad i

Functional Ecology
2024, Volym: 38, nummer: 3, sidor: 560-572
Utgivare: WILEY