Sammanfattning

We tested the hypothesis that the fungivorous nematodes Aphelenchoides spp. and Aphelenchus avenae can suppress damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani in cauliflower seedlings, and enhance the disease-suppressive effect of compost. In greenhouse experiments, we used two different composts mixed with peat (20% + 80%) and pure peat as growth substrates in growing pots. In each substrate, treatments were: (A) with R. solani and nematodes, (B) with R. solani, (C) with nematodes, (D) control without R. solani or nematodes. Treatment effects were measured as percentage of healthy seedlings 7, 10 and 14 days after start of the experiment. We conducted two different experiments with the treatments A-D; one with Aphelenchoides spp. and one with Aphelenchus avenae. Aphelenchoides spp. +R. solani (treatment A) had 85% healthy plants (= control without addition of fungi (D)) compared with 45% in R. solani without nematodes (B). Aphelenchus avenae suppressed damping-off significantly in all substrates, from almost 100% dead plants in peat with R. solani to 65% healthy plants in R. solani vertical bar A. avenae. One compost mixture had an intrinsic suppressive effect on damping-off, while plant health in the other compost mixture was not better than in 100% peat as growing substrate. There were no additive suppressive effects (enhancement) between nematode effects and the suppressive compost. The results demonstrate the ability of fungivorous nematodes to suppress plant diseases. The effects of fungivorous nematodes in combination with compost and other control measures on disease suppression need further attention. The usefulness of fungivorous nematodes in agriculture and horticulture is discussed.

Nyckelord

Aphelenchus avenae; Aphelenchoides spp.; biological control; plant disease suppression; Rhizoctonia solani

Publicerad i

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil and Plant Science
2011, Volym: 61, nummer: 4, sidor: 372-377
Utgivare: Taylor & Francis: STM, Behavioural Science and Public Health Titles

SLU författare

• Lagerlöf, Jan

  • Institutionen för ekologi, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
    

• Insunza, Violeta

  • Institutionen för växtproduktionsekologi, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
    

• Lundegårdh, Bengt

  • Institutionen för växtproduktionsekologi, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
    

• Rämert, Birgitta

  • Institutionen för växtskyddsbiologi, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
    

UKÄ forskningsämne

Jordbruksvetenskap
Miljö- och naturvårdsvetenskap


Publikationens identifierare

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09064710.2010.488655

Permanent länk till denna sida (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/33947