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Inclusion of whole grains in the diet of humans has been shown to improve the postprandial metabolic response and is considered to promote health and prevent certain diseases. Less is known about effects of different whole grains on the metabolic response in dogs. The objective of the present study was to investigate and compare the metabolic and hormonal response in dogs fed extruded diets containing whole grains from rye, oat or wheat, three commonly grown cereals in the Nordic countries. The study was performed in a cross-over design using 18 healthy adult privately-owned dogs. Three extruded experimental diets were produced containing whole grain flour of either rye (RYE), wheat (WHE) or ground rolled oats (OAT) at 25% inclusion level. The diets were nutritionally complete and comparable in terms of protein and metabolizable energy content. Each diet was fed for 4 wk, with blood sampling on the last day of each period (fasting sample followed by post-prandial samples at 20, 40, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min). The resulting number of repetitions per diet was: WHE: n = 16, OAT: n = 17, RYE: n = 17. The blood samples were analyzed to determine glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon, triacylglycerol (TAG) and cholesterol concentrations. There were no main effects of diet on postprandial blood response curves and no effect of interaction of diet and time for any of the variables analyzed. Evaluation of area under the curve (AUC) showed higher total concentration following the OAT than WHE diet for glucose (P = 0.035), GLP-1 (P = 0.006) as well as TAG (P = 0.025). Fasting insulin concentration was higher following RYE compared with both other diets (P = 0.005), but there were no differences in insulin AUC between the diets. In the early postprandial phase (0-120 min), there was an overall effect of diet on the ratio of insulin to GLP-1 (P = 0.042). Post hoc test was not significant, but the WHE diet resulted in a numerically higher value than the other two diets. In conclusion, the postprandial response curves were in general similar between the diets and imply that, in dogs, whole rye or oats may not be more beneficial than whole wheat.The health promoting effects of including whole grains in the diet of humans are well known. However, the capacity to lower blood glucose and lipids seems to differ between different whole grains, with oats and rye showing beneficial effects more frequently than wheat. In dogs these effects are less studied, but could be of importance given the increasing problems with overweight and obesity in companion dogs. In this study, diets with whole grains of rye, oats or wheat were fed for 4 wk each to 18 privately-owned dogs. Blood response of glucose, lipids (cholesterol and triglycerids [TAG]) and three hormones related to metabolism (insulin, glucagon and glucagon-like peptide 1 [GLP-1]) were measured in blood samples collected from the dogs both in the fasted state and repeatedly during four hours following a meal. The diet with oats resulted in higher concentration of GLP-1, which regulates the metabolism, but had less favorable effects on blood glucose and lipid levels, compared to the diet with wheat. The fasting insulin concentration was highest following the rye diet. These results imply that, in dogs, whole rye or oats may not be favorable compared with whole wheat.Whole grains, in particular from rye or oats, have been reported to have beneficial implications for metabolic health in humans. Since similar data is lacking in dogs, this study investigates the metabolic impact of including different wholegrain sources in diets to dogs.

Nyckelord

glucagon like peptide-1; glucose; insulin; postprandial; privately-owned; triacylglycerol

Publicerad i

Journal of Animal Science
2026, volym: 104, artikelnummer: skaf447
Utgivare: OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC

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Husdjursvetenskap

Publikationens identifierare

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf447

Permanent länk till denna sida (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/145857