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Mineral and organic fertilizers contain different forms and amounts of nitrogen (N), which can affect yield and product quality. The aim of this study was to determine appropriate amounts of N applied as nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), and organic N (a mixture based on chicken manure) for optimal growth and quality of tomatoes. A pot experiment with sand as substrate was established in a greenhouse with six-week-old tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. "Armada"). Nitrogen was applied in nutrient solutions at different NO3- : NH4+ ratios combined with different chloride levels (NO3--dominated, NO3- = NH4+ at low Cl-, NO3- = NH4+ at high Cl-, and NH4+-dominated, respectively) or as organic N at four N-application rates (250, 500, 750, 1000 mg N plant(-1) week(-1)). No significant differences in shoot biomass and yields of red tomatoes were observed between NO3- or NH4+ - fed plants. Nitrogen rates above 750 mg N plant(-1) week(-1) did not significantly increase marketable fruit yield, but enhanced shoot-biomass production. The NH4+-N-dominated treatments (which also had high Cl- concentrations) showed increasing incidence of blossom-end-rot (BER)-infected fruits. In the organic-N treatments, shoot-biomass production and yields were lower than in the inorganic-N treatments, but fruit quality was good with few BER-infected fruits. The results show that with a total N supply below 750 mg N plant(-1) week-(1,) NH4+ can be used as equivalent N source to NO3-, resulting in equivalent yields of marketable fruit under the conditions in this experiment.

Nyckelord

blossom-end rot; chloride; Lycopersicon esculentum; nitrogen form; nitrogen rate; organic fertilizer; product quality; production system; salinity; tomato

Publicerad i

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science
2005, volym: 168, nummer: 1, sidor: 123-129
Utgivare: WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH

SLU författare

UKÄ forskningsämne

Livsmedelsvetenskap

Publikationens identifierare

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200420420

Permanent länk till denna sida (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/6137