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Forskningsartikel2023Vetenskapligt granskadÖppen tillgång

Transient demographic dynamics of recovering fish populations shaped by past climate variability, harvest, and management

Goto, Daisuke

Sammanfattning

Large-scale commercial harvesting and climate-induced fluctuations in ocean properties shape the dynamics of marine populations as interdependent drivers at varied timescales. Persistent selective removals of larger, older members of a population can distort its demographic structure, eroding resilience to fluctuations in habitat conditions and thus amplifying volatility in transient dynamics. Many historically depleted marine fish stocks have begun showing signs of recovery in recent decades following the implementation of stricter management measures. But these interventions coincide with accelerated changes in the oceans triggered by increasingly warmer, more variable climates. Applying multilevel models to annual estimates of demographic metrics of 38 stocks comprising 11 species across seven northeast Atlantic ecoregions, this study explores how time-varying local and regional climates contributed to the transient dynamics of recovering populations exposed to variable fishing pressures moderated by management actions. Analyses reveal that progressive reductions in fishing pressure and shifting climate conditions discontinuously shaped rebuilding patterns of the stocks through restorations of maternal demographic structure (reversing age truncation) and reproductive capacity. As the survival rate and demographic structure of reproductive fish improved, transient growth became less sensitive to variability in recruitment and juvenile survival and more to that in adult survival. As the biomass of reproductive fish rose, recruitment success also became increasingly regulated by density-dependent processes involving higher numbers of older fish. When reductions in fishing pressure were insufficient or delayed, however, stocks became further depleted, with more eroded demographic structures. Although warmer local climates in spawning seasons promoted recruitment success in some ecoregions, changing climates in recent decades began adversely affecting reproductive performances overall, amplifying sensitivities to recruitment variability. These shared patterns underscore the value of demographic transients in developing robust strategies for managing marine resources. Such strategies could form the foundation for effective applications of adaptive measures resilient to future environmental change.

Nyckelord

age truncation; climate change; demographic buffering; ecosystem-based management; hierarchical modeling; life-history trait; life table response experiment; matrix population model; meta-analysis; stock assessment

Publicerad i

Global Change Biology
2023, Volym: 29, nummer: 21, sidor: 6018-6039 Utgivare: WILEY

    Globala målen

    SDG14 Hav och marina resurser

    UKÄ forskningsämne

    Fisk- och akvakulturforskning
    Miljövetenskap

    Publikationens identifierare

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16922

    Permanent länk till denna sida (URI)

    https://res.slu.se/id/publ/124723