Somatic embryogenesis: life and death processes during apical - basal patterning

Sammanfattning

Early embryos consist of the apical domain which gives rise to the mature embryo and the basal domain which is gradually eliminated by PCD. Molecular pathways regulating development of each domain are reviewed.Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a process of differentiation of cells into a plant bypassing the fusion of gametes. As such, it represents a very powerful tool in biotechnology for propagation of species with a long reproductive cycle or low seed set and production of genetically modified plants with improved traits. SE is also a versatile model to study cellular and molecular mechanisms of plant embryo patterning. The morphology and molecular regulation of SE resemble those of zygotic embryogenesis and begin with establishment of apicalbasal asymmetry. The apical domain, the embryo proper, proliferates and eventually gives rise to the plantlet, while the basal part, the embryo suspensor, is terminally differentiated and gradually removed via vacuolar programmed cell death (PCD). This PCD is essential for normal development of the apical domain. Emerging evidence demonstrates that signalling events in the apical and basal domains share homologous components. Here we provide an overview of the main pathways controlling the life and death events during SE.

Nyckelord

Cell death; cell fate; differentiation; embryo suspensor; proliferation; somatic embryogenesis

Publicerad i

Journal of Experimental Botany
2014, volym: 65, nummer: 5, sidor: 1343-1360
Utgivare: OXFORD UNIV PRESS

SLU författare

• Bozhkov, Peter

  • Institutionen för växtbiologi, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
    

UKÄ forskningsämne

Utvecklingsbiologi
Växtbioteknologi


Publikationens identifierare

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru005

Permanent länk till denna sida (URI)

https://res.slu.se/id/publ/57540